The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of DTS-phytocompound on oxidant-antioxidant balance and protein damage in the kidneys of rats administered high doses of fructose. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group A received a control diet, whereas groups B and C were fed a high-fructose diet (60 g/100 g), the latter with additional DTS (50 mg/kg per day) for 60 days. Lipo- and nitro-peroxidation together with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in the glomerular and interstitial tissue of the kidneys were measured after 60 days. Fructose-fed rats showed significantly higher lipoperoxidation, 2,4-dinitrophenol and 3-nitrotyrosine protein adducts, and upregulation of α-SMA in the kidney. DTS significantly decreased such redox unbalance in renal tissue, while partially downregulating α-SMA (p<0.01). These data suggest the potential clinical benefit of DTS in protecting the kidneys from metabolic syndrome-associated changes; gender-related analysis is under way.

We tested the activity of the marine nutraceutical CL-1222 added with a coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)-lutein-selenium component (Celergen(®), Laboratoires-Dom, Switzerland) to protect human fibroblasts against ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced photoaging. Cells obtained from 22- to 39-year-old healthy donors were pretreated with CL-1222 before UV irradiation, as compared with same quantity of the CoQ10-lutein-selenium component. As compared to untreated control, UVA-irradiated samples exhibited a significant increase of secreted matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) (p<0.001) with over four-fold MMP-1 upregulation (p<0.001). Samples treated with CL-1222, but not with the CoQ10-lutein-selenium component, showed a significant decrease of MMP-1 secretion (p<0.01) and expression decrease (>60%, p<0.01) with >54% elastase activity inhibition (p<0.01). This preliminary study shows that such marine nutraceuticals can significantly protect against UV-irradiation irrespective of the CoQ10-lutein-selenium component with a specific protective gene expression modulation amenable to novel clinical applications.

BALB/c mice were divided into young, middle-aged, and aged groups, and each group was given 3 weeks of oral treatments: (1) 1 mL of VBC1-99 (a mixture of 42 fruits and vegetables extracts) or (2) 1 mL of same amount of antioxidant vitamins as control. Steady-state hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was assessed by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance ((31)P-NMR) spectroscopy as: β-ATP/reference peak, inorganic phosphorus (Pi)/peak and β-ATP/Pi. As compared to untreated control, VBC1-99 significantly enhanced β-ATP/peak and β-ATP/Pi ratios (p<0.01) in all age groups and throughout the observation period (p<0.05) together with a significant decrease of Pi/ref peak ratio (p<0.05). However, this value in middle-aged and aged mice was comparable to antioxidant control mice. These NMR data demonstrate that VBC1-99 has a beneficial effect on hepatic energy metabolism, irrespective of age.

This study tested the activity of LD-1227, which contains a caviar-derived homogenate added with coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10))-selenium component (CaviarLieri(®), Lab-Dom, Switzerland), in aged human skin and its potential role on skin mitochondria function. Human dermal fibroblasts were obtained from healthy donors over 70 years old and treated with LD-1227 for 72 hr. As compared to baseline, LD-1227 caused a robust (>67%) collagen type I synthesis (p<0.001) and decreased fibronectin synthesis (p<0.05) with significant fibronectin messenger RNA (mRNA) downregulation (p<0.05, r=0.78). A significant collagen mRNA overexpression occurred with LD-1227 treatment (p<0.05). Mitochondria cytosolic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level decreased in aged skin samples (p<0.05 vs. young control), but this phenomenon was reversed by LD-1227 (p<0.01). These data show that LD-1227 may modify the extracellular matrix milieu in aged skin and also beneficially affect mitochondrial function.

Abstract
We tested a biofermented nutraceutical (FPP) that has been previously shown to positively modulate nitric oxide (NO). Forty-two healthymiddle-aged subjects were given 3 grams of FPP three times a day for 6 weeks, and tests were repeated at 3 and 6 weeks; the control group was given a placebo. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured together with NO compounds (nitrogen oxides [NOx]: NO(2)(-)+NO(3)(-)) plasma levels and asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA). In the interventional group, overall FMD significantly increased from 4.2% to 7.3% (p<0.05 vs. placebo). A significant increase in plasma NO and a decrease in ADMA were detected after consumption of FPP (p<0.01). Although larger studies are awaited, it appears that, at least in healthy individuals, such nutraceutical intervention by positively acting on significant cardiovascular parameters can be considered in the armamentarium of a proactive age-management strategy.

Edited by: Danik M. Martirosyan, PhD; Giulio Pasinetti, MD, PhD; and Francesco Marotta, MD, PhD

Abstract:
Metabolic Energy Homeostasis and Neuro-Immune Endocrine Triggers in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Occupational and Winter Stress and Immune-Redox Balancing By Nutraceutical Intervention

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